# Image Details Abstract
20099 GA 099

Copte 129 (8)
Coptic, Ancient Greek
7th century CE

Dated to the 7th century, GA 099 is a fragment of a Greek text of the Gospels that comes from Egypt. The only part that survives contains Mark’s last chapter, from verse 6 onward. It contains both shorter and longer endings, separated by scribal notes attesting to the differences in the exemplars the scribe consulted. Interestingly, the Greek text is written in Coptic script, yet the notes that separate the different endings was written in Greek minuscule script. GA 099 is constituted by one folio, in which the papyrological verso must be read first (f. 162v or page 161), and then the other side (f. 162r or page 162). This folio is a last one of a manuscript classified as the Gospel according to Luke at the National Library of France (see https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b100919381). For page 162 (or f.162r), we have followed the orientation proposed by the INTF, rather than this one proposed by the BNF. Mina Monier and Claire Clivaz, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30001 GA 1

AN IV 2
Ancient Greek
10th century CE

This important 10th century manuscript has been identified as a representative of a family of manuscripts, defined by Kirsopp Lake as Family 1 (f1). Along with the 10th century GA 1582, we find the following note that introduces the long ending: “Εν τισι μεν των αντιγραφων εως ωδε πληρουται ο ευαγγελιστης εως ου και Ευσεβιος ο Παμφιλου εκανονισεν. Eν πολλοις δε και ταυτα φερεται.” “In some of the copies the Evangelist completes [the Gospel] to this point. It is to which point also Eusebius Pamphili made his canons. But in many [copies], these [verses] are also extant:” This is another example of how the scribe makes a decision regarding the ending. The variety of endings in the different copies did not lead him to choose one over the other, but to cautiously present both with a textual note that explains his textual choices. Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30002 GA 2

AN IV 1
Ancient Greek
11th-12th century CE

This 11th-12th century manuscript is of particular importance in the history of New Testament editions and textual criticism. It is indeed the “exemplar of composition” used by Erasmus as the model for the first printed Greek edition of the New Testament. In March 1516, Erasmus brought to the printer-publisher Iohannes Froben, in Basel, the manuscripts ready to prepare the printed edition. GA 2 shows 130 textual corrections by Erasmus’ hand, along with the printer’s red marks to prepare the composition of the printed text, indicating the turn of each page. Folio 118r shows examples of these red marks. Claire Clivaz, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30274 GA 274

Supp. Gr. 79
Ancient Greek
10th century

This 10th century minuscule shows another way of dealing with the different endings. The first copyist moves from Mark 16:8 to the long ending naturally, and without any notes introducing it. As part of correcting the text, a later hand decides that it is necessary to quote the shorter ending, also with introductory notes. Due to the lack of space to add it between verses 8 and 9, the corrector adds a common sign known as Αστερίσκος (※) in reference to a footnote. In the lower margin, we see the corrector adding the shorter ending next to the same line, which means that the shorter ending should be placed after Mark 16:8. Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30304 GA 304

Gr. 194
Ancient Greek
12th century CE

Next to Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, GA 304 is mentioned in the footnotes of successive critical editions of the New Testament as one of the three Greek witnesses to the short ending (16:8). This 12th century minuscule codex is a commentary in the form of catena. The final biblical lemma (Mark 16:1-8) is written on the penultimate folio and the commentary continues onto the final recto, which closes with a colophon. The copyist signals the end of the commentary with a classic epigram that says: Ὥσπερ ξένοι χαίρουσι ἰδεῖ[ν πατρίδ]α, οὕτω καὶ ο γράφοντoς βιβλίο[υ τέλο]ς “As the travellers rejoice upon reaching their homeland, likewise the scribe is upon the end of this book.” This epigram declares the end of the Gospel of Mark’s commentary at this point. Interestingly, a closer look into the epigram in the manuscript shows an attempt to erase it, and then we can see that there was another attempt to rewrite the epigram as the first three words appear ὥσπερ ξένοι χαίρουσι [...]. This possibly reflects conflicting views of later owners or readers of the manuscript regarding the ending of Mark. Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30579 GA 579

Gr. 97
Ancient Greek
13th century CE

This 13th century minuscule shows that the three endings could be fused together without any introductory notes between them. In folio 70r we will find Mark 16:8 ends in line 24. After the liturgical word τελος, the copyist starts the shorter ending (παντα δε…) on the same line and without any sign of disruption. The folio concludes with the shorter ending and an Αμην, which suggests that the copyist had this as an ending in one of his ἀντιγράφων. On the verso of the folio we find the long ending (Mark 16:9-20). Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
30800 GA 800

EBE 65
Ancient Greek
12th century CE

GA 800 contains most of the four Gospels. It is dated between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries. It was written on parchment in a cursive minuscule script. It is one column and does not contain any illustrations. Lastly, one of the most noteworthy features of GA 800 is that it is a catena manuscript. The catena that GA 800 contains is commonly attributed to an otherwise unknown Victor of Antioch or to Cyril of Alexandria. The commentary on Mark 16 in GA 800 differs substantially from John Cramer’s Mark catenae edition, with eighty-eight new words at the end. This passage has been translated in a blog post, on the CSNTM website: http://www.csntm.org/Blog/Archive/2020/5/26/FTL_GA800 Zachary Skarka, SNSF MARK16, © CC BY 4.0
30888 GA 888

Gr. Z. 26 (=340)
Ancient Greek
14th century CE

This 14th century CE manuscript is a copy of Theophylact’s catena of the Gospels. In folio 231r, the copyist inserts a note before the long ending’s lemmata, saying: “φάσι τίνες τῷν ἐξηγητῶν ἐνταῦθα συμπληροῦσαι τὸ κατὰ Μαρκόν Εὐαγγέλιον, τα δέ ἐφεξῆς προσθήκην εἶναι μεταγενεστέραν. χρῇ δέ καί ταύτην ἑρμηνεῦσαι μηδέν τῇ αληθεία λυμαινομένους.” “Some of the exegetes say that this [Mark 16:8] is the fulfilment of the Gospel according to Mark, and that the following words became later. It is necessary, then, to interpret this [16:9-20] in order to maintain the truth unharmed.” Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
31192 GA 1192

Gr. 155
Ancient Greek
11th century CE

Minuscule 1192 is one of a collection of minuscules located in St. Catherine’s monastery. It is dated to the 11th century and consists of 243 folios. It contains a continuous text of the four canonical Gospels. Mark 16 can be found in folios 128r – 129r. The long ending is preceded by a comment that says: “in some of the antegraphs, the evangelist concludes here. But in many other [antegraphs] it follows:”. Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0
31210 GA 1210

Gr. 173
Ancient Greek
11th century CE

Minuscule 1210 is one of minuscules located in St. Catherine’s monastery. It is dated to the 11th century and consists of 246. It contains a continuous text of the four canonical Gospels. Mark 16 can be found in folios 104v – 105v. The long ending is preceded by a comment that says: “in some of the antegraphs, the evangelist concludes here. But in many other [antegraphs] it follows:” Mina Monier, SNSF MARK16 project, SIB Lausanne (CH); © CC-BY 4.0